“Firefly Sparkle” Reveals Early Galaxy - YouTube - NASA Goddard - cosmology

Dr.Johnathan Gardner,Former Deputy Senior Project Scientist for JWST,presents the latest JWST images of the "Firefly Sparkle" galaxy,showcasing intricate details and structures.There is so much going on in this seemingly tiny galaxy,it appears like a swarm of fireflies on a warm summer night.This galaxy is gleaming with star clusters.This is the first time the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope has detected a galaxy that existed around 600 million years after the Big Bang.This was made possible by a phenomenon known as gravitational lensing that was predicted by Einstein's Theory of General Relativity,in which the gravity of a large celestial object is strong enough to warp spacetime,allowing us to peer at a very distant celestial object.*Credit:NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center in Greenbelt,Maryland.*Cosmology is the study of the origin,evolution and structures of the universe.*Text by NASA Goddard and edited and augmented by Andrew Taylor

Take a 360 Tour of COBE's Cosmic Baby Picture - YouTube - NASA Goddard - cosmology

The NASA COBE satellite operated from 1989-1993.It took the first baby picture of the universe,revealing slight temperature variations when the universe was just 380,000 years old.In the aftermath of the Big Bang,the universe was hotter and much smaller than it is now.As time went on,it cooled off and expanded to a huge extent,using the dark matter and energy residue of the Big Bang.This image shows the entire sky using four years of observations using COBE's Differential Microwave Radiometer.The central plane of our Milky Way galaxy runs across the middle and its center is marked by a white X.Red indicates hotter regions,blue colder.The fluctuations are very faint,varying by only one part in a 100,000 from the average temperature.They represent density variations in the early universe thought to have given rise to the structures that we see today.After stripping away foreground emmission arising from dust,hot gas and charged particles interacting with magnetic fields in our galaxy,COBE data revealed tiny variations in the temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)-the oldest light in the universe-for the first time.*Cosmology is the study of the origin,evolution and structures of the universe.*Credit:NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center in Greenbelt,Maryland*Image credit:NASA/COBE Science Team*Narrator:Thomas Essinger Hileman (NASA/GSFC)*Science Writer:Francis Reddy (University of Maryland College Park)*Text by NASA Goddard and edited and augmented by Andrew Taylor

James Webb Space Telescope captures amazing view of galactic mashup - YouTube - Space.com - astrophysics/cosmology

Tbe NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope has caputred images of Arp 107,a merger between an elliptical and spiral galaxies in the near-infrared and middle-infrared wavelengths.Arp 107 is 465,000,000 light years from Earth,so right next door.*Cosmology is the study of the origin,evo;ution and structures of the universe.*The merger of galaxies results in a burst of new star formation.The supermassive black hole at the center of the spiral galaxy makes it extremely bright because of its accretion disk,an Active Galactic Nucleus.

Tour: Sagittarius A East - YouTube - astrophysics - NASA Chandra X-ray Observatory

Saggitarius A East (Sagt A East) was thought to have been a typical supernova explosion of a massive star.Now ,however,after a longer study with Chandra,astronomers have ascertained that,in fact,Sagt A East is actually where a white dwarf star exploded.White dwarfs are the shrunken stellar embers of a fuel-depleted star like our Sun that isn't large enough to supernova.The explosion is the result of thermonuclear reactions that travel quicky through a white dwarf when it pulls too much material from a companion star or merges with another white dwarf,causing the destruction of the white dwarf and a stunning flash of light.Explosions of a white dwarf are a crtitcal source of elements critical to life on Earth such as iron,nickel and chromium.Such elements are only created in the nuclear furnaces of stars or when stars explode.*Credit:NASA/Jet Propusion Laboratory-California Institute of Technology*Text by Chandra and edited by Andrew Taylor

Comet's spooky death dive into sun captured by spacecraft - YouTube - Space.com - planetary science

Comet ATLAS (C/2024 S1) has met its demise after traveling too close to the Sun on 28 OCT 2024.Images aboard the NASA/ESA Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) captured its fateful dive from 26-28 OCT 2024.*Text by Space.com and edited by Andrew Taylor

Watch the R Aquarii binary star system evolve in Hubble imagery time-lapse - YouTube - Space.com - astrophysics

The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has captured imagery of the R Aquarri binary star system from 2014-2023.The images have been time-lapsed to show the evolution of the region.R Aquarri is a symbiotic star system in the constellation Aquarius.It is believed to be a coupling of a white dwarf star with a Mira-type variable star,a red giant.The orbital period is about 44 years.It has a distance of about 218 parsecs/711 light years,so is right next door.By its gravitational pull,the white dwarf draws in material from the red giant and sometimes ejects some of the surplus in loops to form the nebula seen in the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope images.The red giant star both pulsates and changes temperature,causing a very large change in brightness.Its brightness has a total range of 750 times.The pulsations occur every 390 days,give or take some days.*Material by Space.com and edited and augmented by Andrew Taylor

Euclid’s 208-Gigapixel glimpse into the Universe - YouTube - ESA - astrophysics/cosmology

The ESA Euclid spacecraft has released the first page of a large cosmic atlas it is photographing,amounting about 1% of the total.The ultimate purpose of the atlas and Euclid spacecraft is to explore the role of dark matter and dark energy in the universe.The first page of the atlas is a huge 208-gigapixel mosaic.The images were collected from 260 observations collected in just two weeks.It was released on 15 OCT 2024 at the International Aeronautical Congress in Milan,Italy by ESA Director General Josef Aschbacher and Director of Science Carole Mundell.*Text by ESA and edited by Andrew Taylor*Cosmology is the study of the origin,evolution and structures of the universe.*Dark matter is about 27% of the universe,while dark energy is about 68% of the universe.

Did JWST Discover Dark Matter Stars? - YouTube - PBS Space Time - astrophysics/cosmology

The NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Teslescope may have discovered a new class of objects called dark stars,which are actually very bright,bright enough for the JWST to detect them at their enormous distances,having existed just 400,000,000 years after the Big Bang.* Rules for dark matter particles to create dark stars:1.Particle cannot interact strongly with itself 2.Must have weak self-interaction 3.Must be able to annihilate each other*The self-annihilation of dark matter particles is what makes dark stars so bright.*Dark stars may have given rise to the supermassive black holes at the center of galaxies.*Dr.Matt O'Dowd is an Australian astrophysicist who is the presenter and writer or co-writer of PBS Space Time.*Cosmology is the study of the origin,evolution and structures of the universe.

Jupiter’s Great Red Spot Is Shaking - YouTube - NASA Goddard - planetary science

Jupiter's iconic Great Red Spot,a storm larger than Earth,has fascinated scientists for over 150 years.But thanks to the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope,we're now seeing this legendary storm in a whole new light.Recent observations show that the Great Red Spot is wobbling and fluctuating in size.Captured in high resolution images over 90 days,Hubble's data reveals the storm speeding up,slowing down and changing shape-surprising even seasoned scientists.The team predicts that the storm will continue to shrink and eventually stabilize,but right now,it's still full of dynamic surprises.Credit:NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center in Greenbelt,Maryland*Material by NASA Goddard and edited by Andrew Taylor

Hubble Spots Black Hole Beam Causing Stellar Eruptions - YouTube - NASA Goddard - astrophysics

In a surprise finding,the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has discovered that the jet from a supermassive black hole at the core of M 87,a huge spiral galaxy 54 million light years away,seems to cause stars to erupt along its trajectory.The stars,are called novae,are not caught inside the jet,but are in a dangerous spot near it.A nova explosion occurs when an aged,swollen normal star spills hydrogen onto a burned out white dwarf companion star.When the white dwarf has collected a big enough layer of hydrogen,it explodes into space.The white dwarf survives to resume the cycle.*Credit:NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt,Maryland*Text by NASA Goddard and edited by Andrew Taylor

James Webb Space Telescope captures amazing view of galactic mashup - YouTube - Space.com - astrophysics

Credit:Space Telescope Science Institute (STsci)

Hubble’s Inside the Image: The Bubble Nebula - YouTube - NASA Goddard - astrophysics

NASA Goddard material augmented by Andrew Taylor*The Bubble Nebula (NGC 7635) is in the constellation Cassiopeia and about 7100 light years from Earth,so is right next door.It has a massive hot star at its center and was created by the intense winds of this star throwing off its own material.The star is large enough that it will become a supernova in tens of millions of years.It is an H II Region Emission Nebula.The star is designated SAO 205 75.NGC 7635 was discovered by the German-British astronomer and composer William Herschel.Born in Hanover electorate,he emigrated to Great Britain at the age of 19.He frequently collaborated with his younger sister,the astronomer Caroline Herschel.He was the discoverer of Uranus and infrared radiation.*Dr.Kenneth G. Carpenter,an astrophysicist,is the Hubble Space Telescope Operations Scientist and Roman Space Telescope Ground System Scientist at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt,Maryland.He is a member of the Exoplanets and Stellar Astrophysics Laboratory at NASA Goddard.

Habitability of exoplanets studied by NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory and ESA's XMM-Newton - YouTube - Space.com

The NASA Chandra X-ray Observatory and ESA Multilayer Mirror-Newton X-ray Observatory are screening exoplanets for those exposed to harsh radiation that renders them uninhabitale for organisms.ESO's Extremely Large Telescope is under construction.The Habitable Worlds Observatory (HWO) is a concept NASA is studying for a large space-based ultraviolet/optical/infrared telescope slated for launch in the 2040s on a large launch vehicle such as the SLS or SpaceX Starship.*Credit:NASA/CXC/A.Hobart

Brightest Gamma-Ray Burst Of All Time had a curious feature, NASA Fermi Finds - NASA Goddard - astrophysics

Gamma-Ray Bursts are formed when a new black hole expels matter into space.The Brightest Burst of All Time (BOAT) was detected using the NASA Fermi Space Telescope om 2022.A study of the data has revealed a new feature.The particles emitting the Gamma-Ray line must have been traveling at 99.9% of the speed of light.The speed of light is the fastest speed in the universe and is a constant speed,regardless of how fast you're traveling when you observe light,according to Albert Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity,the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH) points out.His exploration of the fundamental properties of light was an astonishing recognition and revolutionized our understanding of space and time.The Special Theory laid the groundwork for his greatest achievement,the General Theory of Relativity.*Both the Special Theory and General Theory have repeatedly been verified.For instance,the Special Theory,proposed in 1905,has been validated through experiments using high-speed particles and precise time measurements.For example,the time dilation effect has been confirmed using atomic clocks on fast-moving aircraft.One of the earliest confirmations of the General Theory,proposed in 2015,took place in 1919 with observations of the bending of light by a solar eclipse.A more recent confirmation was the detection of gravitational waves in 2018 by two LIGOs,Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatories. * Credit:NASA Goddard Space Flight Center

Chandra X-ray Observatory at 25 - See amazing 'never-before-seen' views' - YouTube - Space.com - astrophysics/cosmology

The Chandra X-ray Observatory was launched from Space Shuttle Columbia on 22 July 1999,NASA Astronaut Eileen Collins,commander.*Credit:NASA/CXC/A.Hobart*Cosmology is the study of the origins and structures of the universe.

Shoemaker-Levy 9: Interplanetary Impact - YouTube - planetary science

Hubble Finds New Evidence for Intermediate-Mass Black Hole in Omega Centauri - YouTube - NASA Goddard - astrophysics

Intermdiate-mass black holes are a long sought missing link in black hole evolution.They are smaller than supermassive black holes,but larger than stellar mass black holes,formed by the collapse of massive stars.Only a few candidates have been found to date.*A team astronomers analyzed over 500 images from 20 years of NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope observations to find evidence of an intermediate-range blsck hole by tracking seven fast-moving starsin Omega Centauri.The Omega Cantauri globular cluster is in the constellarion Centaurus at a distabce of 17,090 light years from Earth.It is the largest-known globular cluster in our Milky Way galaxy at a diameter of about 150 light years.*Text by NASA/Goddard and edited by Andrew Taylor

Pillars of Creation Star in New Visualization from the NASA/ESA Hubble and the NASA/ESA/CSA Webb Space Telescopes - YouTube

Made famous in 1995 by the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope,the Pillars of Creation in the heart of the Eagle Nebula have captured imaginations everywhere with their haunting,ethereal beauty.Now,NASA has released a new 3D visualization of these towering celestial structures using data from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope and the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope.This is the most comprehensive amd detailed multiwavelength movie yet of this star-birthing region based on observational data from a science paper led by Anna Macleod,as associate professor at the University of Durham,United Kingdom.Macleod also served as a science advisor on the project.*Text by NASA and edited by Andrew Taylor* Credit:Greg Bacon,Space Telescope Science Institute (STsci) in Baltimore,Maryland:Producer*Frank Summers (STsci):Director*Anna Macleod (Durham):Science Advisor*The Eagle Nebula is about 7,000 light years from Earth in the constellation Serpens.*Cosmology is the study of the origin and structures of the universe.

What NASA Saw in a Grain-Sized Patch of Sky Will Break Your Brain - YouTube - The Secrets of the Universe - cosmology

The NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope has discovered at least 80 supernovae,a tenfold increase from before.They date back to the early universe.Only infrared capabilities can look back that far,as the light is too faint for standard optics to detect.Supernovae are transients,changing in brightness over time.To discover supernovae,the JWST team compared several images taken over a year apart,searching for sources of light that either appeared or vanished.*Cosmology is the study of the origins and structures of the universe.

James Webb Space Telescope captures never-before-seen star behaviour - YouTube - Space.com - European Southern Observatory - astrophysics

The Serpens Nebula is 13,000 light years from Earth and has a very dense cluster of newly forming stars only 100,000 years old,some of which will grow to the mass of our Sun.The discovery lies in the Northern region of this young,star-forming region.Astronomers using the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope found a group of protostellar outflows that formed when jets of gas from newborn stars collide with nearby dust regions at high speeds,uniquely slanted in one direction.The red colour indicates the presence of molecular hydrogen and carbon monoxide.Using its Near-Infrared Camera,Webb can image these young stars and their outflows,previously obscured at optical wavelengths.