What Does An Electron ACTUALLY Look Like? - YouTube - PBS Space Time - physics - new episode

An electron is a ball of energy.As Einstein discovered in his General Theory of Relativity,bound energy also has mass.An electron's classical radius is 2.818x10 (-15)m;but its true size is 10 (-17)m,or at least 100x smaller than the classical radius.Photons are excitations of the Electromagnetic Field.Electron and Positron pairs are excitations of the Electron Field and may annihilate one another.In Quantum Field Theory,each elementary particle,such as an electron,is an excitation of its own quantum field.Quantum particles consist of waves,but when we examine a specific particle,it becomes a point.*Dr. Matt O'Dowd is an Australian astrophysicist and presenter of PBS Space time and wrote this episode.

The NEW Ultimate Energy Limit of the Universe - YouTube - PBS Space Time - astrophysics - new episode

The NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Soace Telescope has discovered a new energy limit for the universe.It did so while studying supermassive black holes in the early universe,finding the new energy limit is 4,000 times greater than the old one,by studying the supermassive black hole LIG-568.The supermassive black hole's accretion disk (Active Galactic Nucleus) set the new record with its brightness.Sir Arthur Eddington is considered the father of astrophysics.He was the first scientist to verify Einstein's Theory of General Relativity by observing the bending of light caused by the Sun's gravity during a solar eclipse,which General Relativity predicted.He went on to develop the Eddington Limit.This holds that the maximum luminosity a body such as a star can achieve is balanced by the star's gravity going in.The state of balance is called hydrostatic equilibrium.There is a balance of the gas pressure pushing out and the gravity pulling in.In addition,photons,which Einstein described as packets of light,bounce off of electrons,a phenomenon called Thompson's scattering.In the most massive stars,this outward pressure starts to dominate.*This episode was presented and written by the Australian astrophysicist Dr.Matt O'Dowd.

Can Space Time Remember? - YouTube - PBS Space Time - astrophysics - new episode

Dr.Matt O'Dowd is an Australian astrophysicist and the host and writer or co-writer of PBS Space Time.

Decoding the Universe: Quantum | Full Documentary | NOVA | PBS - YouTube - physics/astrophysics

Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity predicted the existence of gravitational waves,but he didn't live to see their confirmation,which first occurred in 2017.Gravitational waves are emmited by the most powerful events in the universe,such as the merger of black holes or neutron stars.

The Boundary Between Black Holes & Neutron Stars - YouTube - PBS Space Time - astrophysics

Gravitational waves were predicted by Einstein's Theory of General Relativity.On 14 AUG 2024,a signal was received consistent with a gravitational wave traveling at the speed of light at the Hanford LIGO in Washington State,the Livingston LIGO in Louisiana,and the Virgo LIGO in Italy.A neutron star is what's left over after a supernova.About 1.5 Suns of matter is compressed into an area the size of a small city,making the gravity 100 billion times stronger than the gravity of Earth's surface.The signal was consistent with a neutron star being in close proximity to a black hole.*Presented and written by Dr.Matt O'Dowd,an Australian astrophysicist.

Do Neutron Stars Shine In Dark Matter? - YouTube - PBS Space Time - new video - astrophysics

Neutron stars may produce the exotic Axion,a dark matter candidate.Axions can turn into the packets of light called photons.*Neutron stars have strong magnetic fields.Axions may or may not exist,but,if they do,neutron stars produce vast quantities of these dark matter particles and are cloaked in a cloud of them.*The neutron stars that are pulsars may be the source of the mysterious Fast Radio Bursts that puzzle astronomers.Pulsars are rapidly rotating neutron stars that blast out pulses of radiation at regular intervals ranging from seconds to milliseconds.Pulsars have strong magnetic fields that funnel particles accelerating to relativistic speeds,which produces two powerful beams of light.*Albert Einstein won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921,especially for his discovery of the photoelectric effect.Einstein's work on the photoelectric effect demonstrates that light consists of quanta,or packets of light,which we now call photons.This was a pivotal contribution to the development of quantum theory.*PBS Space Time is presented and written or co-written by Dr.Matt O'Dowd,an Australian astrophysicist.

Sound Waves from the Beginning of Time - YouTube - PBS Space Time - cosmology

with Dr.Matt O'Dowd PhD (astrophysics),writer and host of PBS Space Time* Cosmology is the study of the origin,evolution and structures of the universe.*The Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations are caused by pressure from photons,which are quanta,or packages of light,as Einstein put it.Photons were the radiation of the early universe.For Einstein's discovery of the photoelectric effect that underlies photons,he received the Nobel Prize in Physics.The Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations were first identified in 2005 by the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) in the Northern Hemisphere and the 2DF Background in the Southern Hemisphere.

ESA's Euclid celebrates first science with sparkling cosmic views - YouTube - astrophysics

The ESA/NASA Euclid spacecraft promises a wealth of new discoveries because of its unprecedented wide field of view and optical sharpness.It can detect dark matter and dark energy because of these qualities.For example,the large amount of gravitational lensing,a curvature of spacetime,caused by the gravity of massive objects,reveals the substantial presence of dark matter.This was predicted by Einstein's General Theory of Relativity.*Brown dwarf substellar objects,which are failed stars,may account for much of the dark matter in the universe.Brown dwarfs lacked enough mass to initiate thermonuclear fusion.*Even the first five Euclid images have advanced our knowledge of the universe.

Hubble’s Inside the Image: Lensed Supernova Refsdal - YouTube - NASA Goddard - astrophysics

Albert Einstein predicted gravitational lensing,the warping of spacetime by the gravitational pull of massive objects such as galaxies.Gravity is actually a curvature in spacetime and can have the effect of enabling observation of very distant objects.This can also be used to ascertain how fast the universe is expanding.

Gravitational Waves: Ripples In Space-Time - NASA Goddard - astrophysics

Notes by NASA Goddard:Gravitational waves are ripples in the fabric of spacetime.They are caused by some of the most violent and energetic events in the universe,including colliding black holes;merging neutron stars or white dwarf stars;the wobble of neutron stars that are not perfect spheres;and possibly even the remnants of gravitational radiation create by the birth of the universe.*Gravitational waves were predicted by Einstein's General Theory of Relativity,but weren't confirmed until 2017.The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope was able to photograph the galactic source of the waves.This opens up a new era of multi-messenger astronomy.

2024 Total Solar Eclipse News Conference

The Parker Solar Probe will get very close to the sun and gather data on the eclipse never possible before.A NASA WB-40 aircraft will also gatger unique data as it chases the eclpse,getting an extra two minutes of totality.Astronauts aboard the ISS will gather data from a unique perspective,seeing the shadow of the Moon on the Earth.A NOAA satellite will study the effect of the eclipse on the ionosphere.An eclipse was used to confirm Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity by observing gravitational lensing,the bending of starlight around the curvature of spacetime.NASA TV will provide live coverage of the eclipse from 1-4 pm EDT on 8 April 2004 and this blog intends to cover it.If you can't watch it live,you should be able to see a recorded version of it as well later on.

Hubble’s Inside The Image: Abell 2744 - NASA Goddard - astrophysics

Because of the intense gravity exerted by galaxy cluster Abell 2744,gravitational lensing,which is a curvature of space,occurs as predicted by Albert Einstein and we are able to look back in time at galaxies in the early universe about 12 billion light years away.The universe is about 13.8 billion years old.Galaxy cluster Abell 2744 also contains dark matter.

Milky Way's black hole may be spinning 'football-shaped' spacetime warp - astrophysics

Studies of the supermassive black hole in the center of the Milky Way,Sgr A*,were made using the NASA Chandra X-ray Observatory and the National Science Foundation (NSF) Very Large Array,an array of radio telescopes in New Mexico. The singularity of a black hole was predicted by Einstein's General Theory of Relativity,yet was never confirmed by observation in his lifetime.A singularity has zero volume yet infinite density,hence it bends spacetime to an infinite extent.As you approach a singularity,time slows down from an observer's point of view,but not from the one being observed's point of view (relativity).It slows down so much it virtually stops,with one minute being approximately 1,700,000 years long.This is experienced by astronauts in low Earth orbit to a minor extent because the Earth's large mass causes ripples in spacetime.Even light,which has no mass,must follow the curvature of space in the presence of a black hole.Hence astronomers detected X-ray flashes on the opposite side of a black hole,confirming Einstein's theory yet again.

Einstein Probe launch

Euclid's first images: the dazzling edge of darkness - mission milestone - cosmology

Gravitational Waves: Ripples In Space-Time - NASA Goddard

Holocaust survivor who met Einstein sees his theories in James Webb Space Telescope images - astrophysics

Albert Einstein Explains Theory of Relativity | Albert Einstein Real Video - Hear Einstein discuss E=MC2 in English - Physics

Euclid | Launch to ‘L2’

The Euclid spacecraft was launched recently on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station.Its mission is to study dark matter and dark energy,which comprise 95% of the universe's mass.Remember Einstein's calculation E=MC2,Energy equals Mass times the square of the constant,the speed of light.So it keeps the Earth,Moon and Sun behind it in order to make long exposure observations of dark matter and dark energy without interference.The radius of its orbit around L-2,Lagrange point 2,varies from 400,000 to 800,000 kilometres.

Gravitational waves create a 'cosmic symphony' that scientists are tuning into - National Science Foundation

Based on his Theory of General Relativity,in 1915 Albert Einstein predicted the existence of gravitational waves,which are ripples in spacetime caused by massive cosmic events.Their existence wasn't verified until 2016 by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO).Additionally,a network of two radio telescopes at Arecibo,Puerto Rico and Green Bank,West Virginia monitoring pulsars,which are highly magnetized,rapidly rotating neutron stars,were successfully enlisted in the search for gravitational waves.It is the North American Nanohertz Observatory for Gravitational Waves (NANOGrav) sponsored by the National Science Foundation,and reported the first results of the project in 2023,the detection of background gravitational waves based on more than 15 years of radio telescope data.