“Firefly Sparkle” Reveals Early Galaxy - YouTube - NASA Goddard - cosmology

Dr.Johnathan Gardner,Former Deputy Senior Project Scientist for JWST,presents the latest JWST images of the "Firefly Sparkle" galaxy,showcasing intricate details and structures.There is so much going on in this seemingly tiny galaxy,it appears like a swarm of fireflies on a warm summer night.This galaxy is gleaming with star clusters.This is the first time the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope has detected a galaxy that existed around 600 million years after the Big Bang.This was made possible by a phenomenon known as gravitational lensing that was predicted by Einstein's Theory of General Relativity,in which the gravity of a large celestial object is strong enough to warp spacetime,allowing us to peer at a very distant celestial object.*Credit:NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center in Greenbelt,Maryland.*Cosmology is the study of the origin,evolution and structures of the universe.*Text by NASA Goddard and edited and augmented by Andrew Taylor

Take a 360 Tour of COBE's Cosmic Baby Picture - YouTube - NASA Goddard - cosmology

The NASA COBE satellite operated from 1989-1993.It took the first baby picture of the universe,revealing slight temperature variations when the universe was just 380,000 years old.In the aftermath of the Big Bang,the universe was hotter and much smaller than it is now.As time went on,it cooled off and expanded to a huge extent,using the dark matter and energy residue of the Big Bang.This image shows the entire sky using four years of observations using COBE's Differential Microwave Radiometer.The central plane of our Milky Way galaxy runs across the middle and its center is marked by a white X.Red indicates hotter regions,blue colder.The fluctuations are very faint,varying by only one part in a 100,000 from the average temperature.They represent density variations in the early universe thought to have given rise to the structures that we see today.After stripping away foreground emmission arising from dust,hot gas and charged particles interacting with magnetic fields in our galaxy,COBE data revealed tiny variations in the temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB)-the oldest light in the universe-for the first time.*Cosmology is the study of the origin,evolution and structures of the universe.*Credit:NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center in Greenbelt,Maryland*Image credit:NASA/COBE Science Team*Narrator:Thomas Essinger Hileman (NASA/GSFC)*Science Writer:Francis Reddy (University of Maryland College Park)*Text by NASA Goddard and edited and augmented by Andrew Taylor

Jupiter’s Great Red Spot Is Shaking - YouTube - NASA Goddard - planetary science

Jupiter's iconic Great Red Spot,a storm larger than Earth,has fascinated scientists for over 150 years.But thanks to the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope,we're now seeing this legendary storm in a whole new light.Recent observations show that the Great Red Spot is wobbling and fluctuating in size.Captured in high resolution images over 90 days,Hubble's data reveals the storm speeding up,slowing down and changing shape-surprising even seasoned scientists.The team predicts that the storm will continue to shrink and eventually stabilize,but right now,it's still full of dynamic surprises.Credit:NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center in Greenbelt,Maryland*Material by NASA Goddard and edited by Andrew Taylor

Hubble Spots Black Hole Beam Causing Stellar Eruptions - YouTube - NASA Goddard - astrophysics

In a surprise finding,the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has discovered that the jet from a supermassive black hole at the core of M 87,a huge spiral galaxy 54 million light years away,seems to cause stars to erupt along its trajectory.The stars,are called novae,are not caught inside the jet,but are in a dangerous spot near it.A nova explosion occurs when an aged,swollen normal star spills hydrogen onto a burned out white dwarf companion star.When the white dwarf has collected a big enough layer of hydrogen,it explodes into space.The white dwarf survives to resume the cycle.*Credit:NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt,Maryland*Text by NASA Goddard and edited by Andrew Taylor

Ten Years at Mars with NASA’s MAVEN Mission - YouTube - NASA Goddard - planetary science/physics

Among MAVEN's findings are:1.The solar wind erodes Mars' atmosphere.Note:Ions are atoms or molecules that bear one or more positive or negative electrical charges.2.MAVEN observed the first proton aurora.3.MAVEN traced high altitude winds that were shaped by geological features.4.MAVEN discovered Mars' electrical current system.4.MAVEN observed a solar storm sending a lot of charged particles crashing into Mars,resulting in spectacular auroras.*Information by NASA Goddard and edited by Andrew Taylor*Credit:NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center in Greenbelt,Maryland

Hubble’s Inside the Image: Stephan's Quintet - YouTube - NASA Goddard - cosmology

The four distant galaxies of Stephan's Quintet are about 290 million light years away,while the closer galaxy is only about 40 million light years away,so right next door.The distant galaxies are headed for a merger.It's believed that most galaxies have experienced a merger,including the Milky Way.*Cosmology is the study of the origin,evolution and structures of the universe.*Dr.Jennifer J. Wiseman is a senior astrophysicist at NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center in Greenbelt,Maryland,and Project Scientist for the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope.She got a bachelor's degree in Physics from MIT and a PhD in Astronomy from Harvard University.For her role as Hubble Project Scientist,she made the list of women in leadership positions on astronomical instrumentation projects.Dr.Wiseman is a Christian.*Information by NASA Goddard and augmented by Andrew Taylor

Hubble’s Inside the Image: The Bubble Nebula - YouTube - NASA Goddard - astrophysics

NASA Goddard material augmented by Andrew Taylor*The Bubble Nebula (NGC 7635) is in the constellation Cassiopeia and about 7100 light years from Earth,so is right next door.It has a massive hot star at its center and was created by the intense winds of this star throwing off its own material.The star is large enough that it will become a supernova in tens of millions of years.It is an H II Region Emission Nebula.The star is designated SAO 205 75.NGC 7635 was discovered by the German-British astronomer and composer William Herschel.Born in Hanover electorate,he emigrated to Great Britain at the age of 19.He frequently collaborated with his younger sister,the astronomer Caroline Herschel.He was the discoverer of Uranus and infrared radiation.*Dr.Kenneth G. Carpenter,an astrophysicist,is the Hubble Space Telescope Operations Scientist and Roman Space Telescope Ground System Scientist at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt,Maryland.He is a member of the Exoplanets and Stellar Astrophysics Laboratory at NASA Goddard.

Discovering Earth’s Third Global Energy Field - YouTube - NASA Goddard - Heliophysics Big Year

High above the North and South Poles,a steady stream of particles escapes from our atmosphere into space.Scientists call this mysterious outflow the Polar Wind,and for 60 years spacecraft have been flying through it as scientists theorized about it until now.The Ambipolar Electric Field is so weak that previous attempts to measure it failed.On 11 May 2022,an Endurance rocket,which is an Oriole III-A sounding rocket produced by NASA,was launched from Ny Alesard in the Svlabard Archipelago off the coast of Northern Norway.The Endurance rocket carried a new type of space plasma analyzer with extremely fine energy resolution to make the first measurements of Earth's electrical potential.We know the Earth's magnetic field shields us from harmful solar radiation.Perhaps the Ambipolar Electric field keeps gravity from crushing Earth's atmosphere.Text by NASA Goddard and edited by Andrew Taylor*Credit:NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center

ESCAPADE Mission Trailer - YouTube - NASA Goddard - planetary science

Over a billion years,a relentless flow of particles from the Sun - the solar wind - has slowly stripped away most of the Martian atmosphere,causing surface water to evaporate.NASA's new ESCAPADE mission aims to find out why.Launching no earlier than 14 OCT 2024,the Escape and Plasma Acceleration Dynamic Explorers mission will be studying Mars' real time response to the solar wind,helping us better understand Mars' climate history.The ESCAPADE mission is managed by the Space Sciences Laboratory at University of California Berkeley with key partners Rocket Lab,NASA Goddard Space Flight Center,Embrey Riddle Aeronautical University,Advanced Space LLC and Blue Origin.*text by NASA and edited by Andrew Taylor*Rocket Lab USA Inc (RKLB)

Hubble’s Inside the Image: Cat’s Eye Nebula - YouTube - astrophysics/cosmology - NASA Goddard

The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has captured a stunning image of the Cat's Eye Nebula (NGC 6543),one of the most complex planetary nebulae known,with its intricate structure of concentric rings and high density knots.Dr.Ken Carpenter of NASA Goddard Space Flight Center delves into the beauty of this cosmic jewel discusses the the critical role Hubble plays in unraveling the secrets of stellar evolution and the lifecycle of stars.*Cosmology is the study of the origin of the universe and its structures.*Video credit:ESA/Hubble-M.Kornmesser and L.L.Christensen*Text by NASA Goddard and edited by Andrew Taylor

Hubble Finds New Evidence for Intermediate-Mass Black Hole in Omega Centauri - YouTube - NASA Goddard - astrophysics

Intermdiate-mass black holes are a long sought missing link in black hole evolution.They are smaller than supermassive black holes,but larger than stellar mass black holes,formed by the collapse of massive stars.Only a few candidates have been found to date.*A team astronomers analyzed over 500 images from 20 years of NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope observations to find evidence of an intermediate-range blsck hole by tracking seven fast-moving starsin Omega Centauri.The Omega Cantauri globular cluster is in the constellarion Centaurus at a distabce of 17,090 light years from Earth.It is the largest-known globular cluster in our Milky Way galaxy at a diameter of about 150 light years.*Text by NASA/Goddard and edited by Andrew Taylor

NASA Hubble Operations Update - YouTube - astrophysics/planetary science - audio only

The NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope has been a highly valued source of astrophysics and planetary science data and is expected to continue as such until at least the mid-2030s.It has studied galactic evolution,exoplanet atmospheres and space weather on the planets.A commercial reboost/servicing mission is under study. Participants in the teleconference include:Mark Clampin,director,Astrophysics Division,Science Mission Directorate at NASA Headquarters in Washington;Patrick Crouse,project manager,Hubble Space Telescope,NASA Goddard Spaceflight Center,Greenbelt,Maryland.*Space weather includes meterological phenomena such as storms,ice formations and seasonal change;aurorae and volcanoes.Ice formations can be evidence of subsurface oceans.

Exploring Planet Uranus - YouTube - NASA Goddard - planetary science

The first,and so far only,space probe to visit Uranus was Voyager 2 in 1986.It discovered 10 new moons,a faint ring system and a complex magnetosphere.Further observations were made by the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope,which imaged the seasons on Uranus.Further observations will be made by the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope.Ground based observatories have observed massive storms on Uranus,an ice giant planet,that last for months or even years.

Hubble’s Inside the Image: Lensed Supernova Refsdal - YouTube - NASA Goddard - astrophysics

Albert Einstein predicted gravitational lensing,the warping of spacetime by the gravitational pull of massive objects such as galaxies.Gravity is actually a curvature in spacetime and can have the effect of enabling observation of very distant objects.This can also be used to ascertain how fast the universe is expanding.

Moving Roman: Propulsion - YouTube - NASA Goddard - astrophysics/cosmology

The NASA Nancy Grace Roman Infrared Space Telescope is currently under construction.It is named for the visionary astronomer Nancy Grace Roman (1925-2018) who made significant contributions to stellar classification and motions.She was NASA's inaugural Chief Astronomer in the 1960s and 1970s.As such,she was the first female NASA executive.She was instrumental in the planning and development of the Hubble Space Telescope and was one of the key founders of the US civilian space program.In sum,she was a trailblazing scientest.The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is primed for discoveries in astrophysics and cosmology with its Wide Field capabilities.It is slated for launch by May 2027.*Cosmology is the study of the origin and structures of the universe.

Hubble Observes Jupiter’s Great Red Spot Changing - NASA Goddard - planetary science

While the outer part of the spot is speeding up,the inner part of the spot is slowing down.It is a mystery.

Hubble’s Inside The Image: Abell 2744 - NASA Goddard - astrophysics

Because of the intense gravity exerted by galaxy cluster Abell 2744,gravitational lensing,which is a curvature of space,occurs as predicted by Albert Einstein and we are able to look back in time at galaxies in the early universe about 12 billion light years away.The universe is about 13.8 billion years old.Galaxy cluster Abell 2744 also contains dark matter.

Using Infrared Light to Survey the Milky Way Galaxy - NASA Goddard - cosmology

Studying our own galaxy is surprisingly difficult.First,because the Milky Way covers such a large portion of the sky that studying it can take a very long time;and second,because Astromomers must peer through thick dust that obscures distant starlight.Infrared light can pass through that dust and is a key tool for learning about the far side of our galaxy. Cosmology is the study of the origin and structures of the universe.

Spacecraft Makers: Europa Clipper's Instrument Integration - planetary science

The Europa Clipper spacecraft is slated for launch in October 2024.It will arrive at Jupiter in 2030.*The propulsion module and one of the instruments were assembled by the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory in Laurel,Maryland.Other instruments were assembled by UCLA;the School of Earth and Space Exploration at Arizona State University;the Souhtwest Research Institute (SwRI);the University of Michigan;the University of Texas Austin;and the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics at the University of Colorado Boulder.The spacecraft was assembed in the High Bay 1 clean room at NASA JPL-Caltech.

Hubble’s Inside The Image: Antennae Galaxies - NASA Goddard

Credit:NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Production and Post:Origin Films Hubble Space Telescope Animation: ESA/Hubble - M.Kornmesser and L.L. Christensen